合成共进化揭示了中和抗体和SARS-CoV-2的适应性突变轨迹
Roy A Ehling1, Mason Minot1, Max D Overath1
1Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel 4056, Switzerland.
Cell systems
|September 18, 2025
概括
科学家们创建了一个合成系统来研究中和抗体和SARS-CoV-2变体之间的共同进化. 这项研究揭示了病毒中的突变是如何发生的.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行突出了免疫系统与SARS-CoV-2的战斗.
- 中和抗体向尖端蛋白的受体结合域 (RBD),这对于病毒进入至关重要.
- SARS-CoV-2 进化了逃避抗体识别的机制,推动了共同进化的军备竞赛.
研究的目的:
- 为研究抗体-RBD相互作用开发一种合成共进化系统.
- 为了研究中和抗体和SARS-CoV-2变异的突变轨迹.
- 利用蛋白质语言模型和人工智能来预测病毒逃脱和理解进化动态.
主要方法:
- 使用高通量选,蛋白质突变发生,表面显示和深度测序建立了合成共同进化系统.
- 训练了一种蛋白质语言模型,以预测抗体从RBD变体逃逸.
- 应用可解释的AI技术来分析共同进化的趋势.
主要成果:
- 合成共进化揭示了抗体和病毒变异之间的对抗性和补偿性突变途径.
- 蛋白质语言模型证明了对预测抗体逃逸的概括能力,随着突变负载的增加和新突变.
- 通过人工智能驱动的分析确定了生物学上有意义的共同进化趋势.
结论:
- 合成共进化系统为了解病毒免疫逃避提供了一个强大的平台.
- 蛋白质语言模型可以显著提高病毒进化和抗体逃逸的研究.
- 这项研究加深了对人类免疫系统与SARS-CoV-2之间的进化冲突的理解.
相关概念视频
Viral Mutations
39.6K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
39.6K
Transduction
1.3K
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
1.3K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
8.0K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
8.0K
Synteny and Evolution
3.8K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.8K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
1.4K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
1.4K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
1.3K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.3K


