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喘和COPD的发育起源

Francesca Polverino¹, Don D Sin²

¹1Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA;

Annual review of physiology

|September 18, 2025

概括

早期的肺部伤害会影响发育,增加儿童喘和成人慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的风险. 对有风险儿童的早期干预对于预防终身呼吸系统疾病至关重要.

科学领域:

肺部医学肺部医学
发育儿科发育儿科
环境健康环境健康

背景情况:

三分之二的慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 和成人喘病例源于早期肺部发育受损.
儿童期肺部损伤导致异常发育和持续的肺功能损害.
风险因素包括遗传/表观遗传变化,氧化应激,炎症和环境暴露.

研究的目的:

审查遗传,环境和社会经济因素对肺部发育的相互作用.
了解对喘和COPD风险和负担的累积影响.
强调早期诊断和预防措施的重要性.

主要方法:

文献综述综合了关于肺部发育和呼吸系统疾病的当前研究.
分析导致儿童肺部异常轨迹的因素.
检查从儿童喘过渡到成年COPD的情况.

主要成果:

早期的肺部伤害显著增加了晚年患喘和COPD的风险.
环境因素 (烟雾,污染,营养,感染) 和遗传倾向相互作用,影响肺部发育.
控制不良的喘和其他危险因素会导致成人患上COPD.

结论:

生命早期的异常肺部发育是成人呼吸道疾病的关键决定因素.
可修改的因素强调了需要及时识别和干预风险儿童的必要性.
解决遗传,环境和社会经济因素是减少全球喘和COPD负担的关键.

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