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人工智能对视觉科学的影响:对进展,新兴趋势,数据领域量化和关键差距的系统审查
Colby F Lewallen1, Davide Ortolan1, Dominik Reichert1
1Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Research Section, Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Survey of ophthalmology
|September 18, 2025
概括
视觉科学中的人工智能 (AI) 主要集中在图像分析上,在白内障研究中不那么普遍. 解决数据挑战和道德问题可以改善AI.
科学领域:
- 视觉科学 视觉科学 视觉科学
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 在科学研究中的采用正在增长,但分布不均.
- 视觉科学研究利用人工智能跨生物模型,分子分析,图像分析和临床结果.
- 了解人工智能在视觉科学中的当前作用对于未来的进步至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化35年来视觉科学研究中人工智能 (AI) 应用的趋势和差异.
- 分析AI在四种主要眼部疾病的患病率:与年龄相关的黄斑变性,糖尿病视网膜病变,青光眼和白内障.
- 确定导致人工智能在不同研究领域的不均实施的因素.
主要方法:
- 在过去35年中对超过10万篇PubMed文章的元数据进行了文献计量分析.
- 使用医学主题标题 (MeSH) 术语来分类研究领域和AI应用领域.
- 专注分析了四种主要的眼睛疾病:与年龄相关的黄斑变性,糖尿病视网膜病变,青光眼和白内障.
主要成果:
- 人工智能应用不成比例地集中在视觉科学中的基于图像的分析领域.
- 在白内障研究中,人工智能患病率落后于其他评估的眼部疾病.
- 确定了人工智能实施的关键障碍,包括数据标准化问题,数据复杂性,可用性,道德问题以及对人类解释的有限收益.
结论:
- 视觉科学中人工智能的采用严重倾向于图像分析,像白内障这样的特定疾病受到的关注较少.
- 克服数据管理,伦理方面的挑战,以及展示对人类解释的明显优势,对于更广泛的AI集成至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该旨在整合多式联络和生成人工智能,以获得更多的机械洞察力,超越模式识别,改善诊断和个性化治疗.
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