燃烧的怀疑:火灾紧急消息中的术语对不同经验的接收器的影响
Hugh D Walpole1, Micki Olson1, Jeannette Sutton1
1College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security and Cybersecurity, University at Albany, New York, USA.
无线紧急警报 (WEA) 经常使用诸如"疏散警报"之类的术语,这对公众来说很难理解. 使用更清晰的术语,如"疏散命令",可以提高信息的理解和保护行动的动机,特别是对于那些对野火风险新手.
科学领域:
- 紧急通讯 紧急通讯
- 风险沟通风险沟通是什么
- 野火科学 野火科学 野火科学
背景情况:
- 无线紧急警报 (WEA) 对于传播野火风险信息至关重要.
- 简短的WEA信息往往导致术语和遗漏的细节,可能会阻碍公众的理解.
- 术语和信息遗漏对公众认知和保护行动的影响尚未得到充分理解,特别是在不同的经验水平上.
研究的目的:
- 评估公众对WEA的野火相关术语的理解.
- 调查信息清晰度 (普通语言与术语) 和特定术语 (疏散警告与疏散命令) 对保护行动的影响.
- 为了确定以前的野火经历是否会缓和信息内容对感知和动机的影响.
主要方法:
- 参与者解释了常见的WEA术语术语.
- 一个2x2x2的实验设计改变了危险识别,指导清晰度和术语类型 (疏散警告与疏散命令).
- 测量了保护行动的动机,经过先前的野火经历来调节.
主要成果:
- 在所有参与者群体中,人们对"疏散警告"一词缺乏理解.
- 使用"疏散命令"而不是"疏散警告"的消息导致更高的感知理解,信念和自我效能,特别是在没有先前野火经验的个人中.
- 指导和危险识别的清晰度也影响了信息的有效性.
结论:
- 在WEA中使用诸如"疏散警告"之类的术语,阻碍了公众的理解,并可能减少保护性行动.
- 用简单的语言代替术语,例如"疏散命令",可以显著提高WEA的有效性,特别是对于缺乏经验的受众.
- 建议包括尽可能省略术语,以提高野火事件期间的清晰度和公共安全.
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