美国成年人COVID-19前后接种疫苗:使用行为风险因素监测系统进行的一项回顾性观察研究
Thomas A Beltran1, Cristóbal S Berry-Cabán2, Sean M Rogers3
1Department of Clinical Investigation, Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, NC, USA.
Korean journal of family medicine
|September 19, 2025
概括
由于COVID-19大流行,保险人群中成人接种带疹 (RZV) 和流感疫苗的数量增加,但未保险人群的疫苗数量却没有增加. 获得医疗保健对于接种疫苗至关重要,对COVID-19疫苗安全性没有影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19的流行,常规成年人免疫计划面临挑战.
- 了解重组疫苗 (RZV),流感疫苗 (FLU) 和肺炎球菌疫苗 (PnV) 等关键疫苗的疫苗接种趋势至关重要.
- 调查影响COVID-19疫苗接种的因素对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查COVID-19大流行对成人接种RZV,FLU和PnV疫苗的影响.
- 为了探索与美国成年人接受COVID-19疫苗接种相关的因素.
- 评估医疗保健覆盖范围对成年人疫苗接种状况的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自2019年和2022年行为风险因素监测系统 (BRFSS) 的全国代表性横截面数据的回顾性分析.
- 多变量回归模型用于评估COVID-19,RZV,FLU和PnV的疫苗接种状态.
- 经过调整以社会人口统计学因素,地理位置和医疗保健覆盖范围的分析.
主要成果:
- 在保险成年人中,在2019年至2022年期间,RZV疫苗接种率从31.9%增加到41.5%,FLU疫苗接种率从42.7%增加到45.0%.
- 没有保险的个人在FLU疫苗接种下降 (-3.2%) 和稳定的RZV率,而PnV率下降了15.4%.
- 拥有医疗覆盖的个人接受COVID-19疫苗的可能性是2.9倍;少数群体的初始COVID-19疫苗接种率较高,但与非西班牙裔白人相比,RZV,FLU和PnV的比例较低.
结论:
- 医疗保健覆盖率显著影响COVID-19疫苗接种,尽管免费获得.
- 疫情后改善的RZV和FLU疫苗接种率凸显了医疗保健获取的重要性,与未保险人群中停滞或下降的比例形成鲜明对比.
- 没有证据表明COVID-19疫苗的安全性影响了RZV,FLU或PNV疫苗的接种.
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