线粒体和多能性:从既定的模型到成年干细胞中新兴的角色
Luminita Labusca1,2, Camelia-Mihaela Zara-Danceanu2
1Orthopedic and Trauma Clinic Emergency County Hospital Saint Spiridon, Iasi, Romania.
Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology
|September 19, 2025
概括
线粒体调节细胞的身份,影响干细胞和分化. 这篇评论探讨了多能和成年干细胞中的线粒体作用,表明生物能量转移调节了再生医学的潜在多能.
科学领域:
- 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
- 线粒体生物学 线粒体生物学
- 再生医学是一种再生医学.
背景情况:
- 多能性不再仅限于胚胎细胞;成年干细胞也表现出可塑性.
- 线粒体正在成为细胞身份的关键调节者,整合新陈代谢,氧化还原信号和表观遗传学.
- 了解线粒体的作用是释放各种干细胞类型的再生潜力的关键.
研究的目的:
- 综合当前关于多能细胞 (ESC,iPSC) 和成年干细胞 (ASC) 中线粒体特征的知识.
- 探索新陈代谢转换 (糖解与氧化) 在重编程和谱系规范中的作用.
- 为了研究线粒体动力学在不良特征的成年多能类干细胞中的潜力,用于再生应用.
主要方法:
- 关于线粒体形态学,动力学,生物能学和表观遗传相关性的现有文献的审查和综合.
- 对胚胎,诱导多能,成人多能和成人多能类干细胞中的线粒体行为的比较分析.
- 探索代谢转变和反应性氧物种 (ROS) 信号与茎性和可塑性相关的情况.
主要成果:
- 线粒体显著影响干细胞的身份和分化潜力.
- 代谢灵活性,在糖解和氧化酸化之间转变,在细胞重编程和血统承诺过程中至关重要.
- 有证据表明,线粒体重塑和生物能量转变,可能是压力诱导的,调节成年干细胞的潜在多能性.
结论:
- 线粒体平衡,细胞间转移和网络对于成年干细胞的可塑性和再生能力至关重要.
- 了解这些线粒体机制,通过利用成年细胞发育可塑性,为再生医学提供了新的策略.
- 进一步研究成人多能类干细胞的线粒体行为是有必要的,以充分实现他们的治疗潜力.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Maintenance of the ES Cell State
2.7K
The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
2.7K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
2.6K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.6K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
5.4K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
Somatic...
5.4K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
27.2K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
27.2K
Stem Cell Culture
6.0K
Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
6.0K
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells
6.1K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
6.1K


