菌根菌诱导的训练免疫对SARS-CoV-2疫苗反应的影响
Lidia Sánchez-Morales1,2, Néstor Porras1, Andrea Pérez-Domingo1
1VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Frontiers in immunology
|September 19, 2025
概括
使用Mycobacterium bovis菌株诱导的Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) 训练免疫,在小鼠中增强了SARS-CoV-2疫苗的保护. 与疫苗接种相结合的活体dpB增强了免疫反应并减少了病毒载荷,这表明了改善抗病毒防御的策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 卡尔梅特-盖林菌 (BCG) 提供了除了结核病预防之外的异质保护.
- 研究探讨了BCG诱导的针对SARS-CoV-2的抗病毒防御的训练免疫力,结果各不相同.
研究的目的:
- 评估BCG衍生的Mycobacterium bovis菌株 (dpB) 训练免疫对SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种疗效的影响.
- 在小鼠模型中评估活体和非活化的dpB与SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种相结合的影响.
主要方法:
- 小鼠接种了针对SARS-CoV-2的疫苗,并预先暴露在活体或非活化的dpB中.
- 在挑战后分析了免疫反应,包括细胞因子水平,病毒载荷,组织病理学和诱导性支气管相关淋巴组织 (iBALT) 形成.
主要成果:
- 仅靠SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种就能预防发病率和死亡率.
- 结合活体dpB显著增强免疫反应,由更高的促炎细胞因子和减少的肺病毒载荷证明.
- 活体dpB和疫苗接种促进了肺部iBALT的形成,这表明呼吸系统免疫监测的潜力.
结论:
- 将dpB等训练有素的免疫诱导剂与疫苗相结合,可以增强免疫反应和保护.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化训练免疫的策略,以最大限度地发挥协同效应并减轻风险.
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