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相关概念视频

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
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COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
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Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

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Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Olfactory Neurons Obtained through Nasal Biopsy Combined with Laser-Capture Microdissection: A Potential Approach to Study Treatment Response in Mental Disorders
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慢性鼻炎中的皮质类固醇反应性嗅觉功能障碍:它意味着什么?

K A Archer1, J C Mace2, T L Smith2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

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|September 19, 2025
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概括

患有慢性鼻炎 (CRS) 和对皮质类固醇敏感的嗅觉功能障碍 (CROD) 的患者显示出更好的术后嗅觉改善. 这表明皮质类固醇反应是CRS患者保留功能和可逆性的预测指标.

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科学领域:

  • 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
  • 鼻科 鼻科是指鼻科的专家.
  • 嗅觉功能障碍研究研究

背景情况:

  • 慢性鼻炎 (CRS) 通常涉及嗅觉功能障碍.
  • 皮质类固醇治疗可以改善CRS中的嗅觉,这表明可逆性.
  • 手术前的嗅觉评估对于预测手术结果至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了确定是否自我报告的手术前的皮质类固醇反应性嗅觉功能障碍 (CROD) 预测CRS患者经过鼻手术后的术后嗅觉改善.
  • 评估CROD作为手术后嗅觉恢复的预后因素.

主要方法:

  • 对253名患有手术前嗅觉功能障碍的耐火性CRS患者进行前性观察性研究.
  • 根据调查,患者被分类为对皮质类固醇有反应或没有反应.
  • 使用鼻子棒,OCES,QOD-NS和SNOT-22进行术前和术后评估的嗅觉结果.

主要成果:

  • 患有CROD的患者更有可能患上诸如鼻多重症,喘和阿司匹林敏感性等并发症.
  • CROD组在嗅觉裂内镜评分 (OCES) 和嗅觉障碍问卷 (QOD-NS) 评分中显示出明显更好的术后改善.
  • 这些发现突出了皮质类固醇反应能力和增强的嗅觉恢复之间的相关性.

结论:

  • 皮质类固醇反应是CRS患者保持嗅觉功能和可逆性的有价值的临床预测指标.
  • 自我报告的CROD可以作为预测术后嗅觉改善的简单预后因素.
  • 这项研究支持使用皮质类固醇反应评估来管理CRS中的嗅觉功能障碍.