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一个创新的异质微波干扰仪用于在麦迪逊AWAKE原型上的等离子体密度测量

Marcel Granetzny¹, Barret Elward¹, Oliver Schmitz¹

¹Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.

The Review of scientific instruments

|September 19, 2025

概括

为麦迪逊AWAKE原型 (MAP) 实验开发了一种新的微波干扰仪,使精确的等离子体密度测量成为可能. 这一进步支持用于先进加速器项目的可扩展等离子体源的开发.

科学领域:

等离子体物理学的物理学
加速器科学加速器科学
微波工程微波工程

背景情况:

麦迪逊AWAKE原型 (MAP) 是开发高功率,高密度的子等离子源的关键实验.
可扩展的等离子体源对于像AWAKE项目这样的光束驱动等离子体唤醒场加速器的发展至关重要.

研究的目的:

开发和实施一种新的异质微波干扰仪,用于精确的等离子体密度测量.
增强MAP实验的加速器研究能力.

主要方法:

一个带有单个微波源和上转换器的105GHz异质微波干扰仪,旨在最大限度地降低频率漂移和成本.
圆镜被用于光束的聚焦和指导,与同位的发射器/接收器电子设备进行高效的测量.
计算机控制的运动平台允许干扰仪组件的独立和灵活重新定位.
一个高速FPGA和混合信号PCB在测量内提供了实时信号分析.

主要成果:

干扰仪实现了3.6°的相位移分辨率,产生了1.5 × 10^17 m^-3.的直线平均密度分辨率.
实时密度测量每5μs获得一次,覆盖密度高达10^19 m^-3范围.
该系统显示噪声水平为1.0 × 10^17 m^-3,显示出高精度.

结论:

开发的微波干扰仪在等离子体密度诊断的传统方法上提供了显著的改进.
该系统的灵活性和实时功能非常适合于像MAP这样苛刻的加速器实验.
这种技术进步有助于开发下一代基于等离子体的加速器.

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