在医疗保健中运行机器学习应用的成熟度框架:范围审查
Yutong Li1, Julie Tian1, Ariana Xu1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, 4-142 KATZ, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada, 1 780-407-6504.
Journal of medical Internet research
|September 19, 2025
概括
本研究探讨了医疗保健中的机器学习操作 (MLOps),提出了一个成熟度框架. 结果强调需要更好的基础设施和利益相关者参与,以推进ML在临床实践中的应用.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健信息学 医疗保健信息学
- 机器学习工程 机器学习工程
- 临床人工智能实施方案
背景情况:
- 机器学习 (ML) 在医学中的应用正在迅速扩大,但在临床环境中实际实施面临重大障碍.
- 在IT中常见的机器学习操作 (MLOps) 实践在医疗保健中研究不足,限制了ML模型的部署.
- 现有的文献缺乏关于MLOps在医疗保健的独特背景下可行性和运行性的全面细节.
研究的目的:
- 调查和详细介绍医疗环境中MLOps的实施情况.
- 为医疗保健应用量身定制的新型MLOps成熟度框架提出建议.
- 确定MLOps在医疗领域成功部署的关键组件和考虑因素.
主要方法:
- 根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所证据综合手册进行了范围审查.
- 搜索了四个主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus) 寻找有关MLOps概念验证或在医疗保健中的现实世界实施的研究.
- 通过三阶段的基本定性内容分析,综合了19项纳入研究的结果.
主要成果:
- 医疗保健中的MLOps工作流包括数据提取,准备,模型培训,评估,验证,部署,持续监测和持续学习.
- 提出了一个三阶段的MLOps成熟度框架 (低,部分,完全),在19项研究中,有13项研究表明完全成熟.
- 八项研究针对医疗保健中MLOps的关键伦理,立法和利益相关者考虑.
结论:
- 关于在医疗保健中实施ML的研究报告有限,强调需要改进数据基础设施和协作开发.
- 参与患者,决策者和医疗保健专业人员对于成功创建和实施ML医疗保健应用程序至关重要.
- 研究质量的变化影响了MLOps每个工作流程步骤的分析深度,突出了当前研究的局限性.
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