人工智能和医疗保健差异:从膝盖放射学中的一个警告故事中吸取教训
1University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, USA.
The Journal of medicine and philosophy
|September 19, 2025
概括
医学成像中的人工智能 (AI) 可能会加剧种族差异. 解决偏见需要检查整个社会技术系统,而不仅仅是算法,以确保公平的医疗保健.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 算法对医学中种族少数群体的偏见存在担忧.
- 膝关节骨关节炎诊断中的种族差异凸显了人工智能应用中的潜在不平等.
- 当前的诊断程序可能会嵌入人工智能可能加剧的系统性问题.
研究的目的:
- 分析医学成像中的AI如何延续或减轻种族差异.
- 强调需要采取社会技术系统方法来实现医疗保健中的AI公平性.
- 将人工智能偏见和公平问题与结构性不平等的更广泛概念联系起来.
主要方法:
- 在膝关节骨关节炎诊断中的种族差异的案例研究分析.
- 检查特定的人工智能算法的性能和影响.
- 关于人工智能偏见,公平性和医学中的结构性不平等的文献评论.
主要成果:
- 一个人工智能算法,虽然旨在提高效率,但却揭示了诊断程序中的现有问题.
- 专注于算法忽略了更广泛的社会技术系统,冒着根深蒂固的差异的风险.
- 在AI系统设计过程中必须解决系统性规范性问题.
结论:
- 在医疗AI中实现正义需要解决整个社会技术系统,而不仅仅是算法.
- 人工智能的潜力可以巩固现有的差距,需要仔细考虑其实施.
- 人工智能可以成为促进健康公平的工具,如果它专注于结构性正义.
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