从2000年到2022年,中国谷物生产的生态效率显著提高:趋势变化,类型进化和驱动因素
1School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, China.
PloS one
|September 19, 2025
概括
中国中国中国中国.
科学领域:
- 农业经济学 农业经济学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 可持续性研究 可持续性研究
背景情况:
- 提高粮食生产的生态效率对于全球粮食安全和生态可持续性至关重要.
- 中国的谷物生产在平衡产量与环境影响方面面临挑战.
- 了解区域差异和驱动因素对于有针对性的政策干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从2000年到2022年,测量中国31个省份粮食生产的生态效率.
- 分析粮食生产生态效率的时空动态和关键驱动因素.
- 为可持续农业政策和绿色转型提供见解.
主要方法:
- 采用全球超效率Slack-Based Model (SBM) 模型,其中包含了不需要的输出.
- 综合生命周期评估 (LCA) 用于全面测量生态效率.
- 进行分布动态和驱动因素分析.
主要成果:
- 中国粮食生产的整体生态效率较低,区域差异很大,以"主要粮食生产地区>生产销售平衡地区>主要粮食消费地区"的模式.
- 生态效率呈现上升趋势,空间两极分化,俱乐部融合以及积极的溢出效应.
- 关键的驱动因素包括农业产量,水资源和生产结构,表现出"马修效应".
结论:
- 显著的区域差异和低的整体生态效率需要为可持续的粮食生产量身定制的战略.
- 积极的趋势和溢出效应提供了改进的机会,但空间两极分化需要注意.
- 政策干预应侧重于优化农业产量,水资源管理和生产结构,以促进绿色农业转型.
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