患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童和青少年的饮食模式
Laura Vargas Hoffmann1, Eduarda Silva1, Laura Roman2
1Graduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
|September 19, 2025
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童经常食用传统的巴西和超加工食品,水果和蔬菜摄入量有限. 饮食模式与社会人口统计学因素和药物使用有关,为营养策略提供信息.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 饮食困难在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中很常见,影响食物选择和饮食习惯.
- 了解患有自闭症儿童和青少年的饮食模式对于有针对性的营养支持至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 识别和分析与被诊断为ASD的儿童和青少年的饮食模式相关的因素.
- 研究饮食的组成及其与该人口中的社会人口统计学和临床变量之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 从361名患有自闭症儿童和青少年 (2-19岁) 的饮食摄入量的主要成分分析,使用三个24小时的回忆.
- 食品被分类为组,并分析了早餐,午餐,下午零食和晚餐的摄入量 (g/d).
- 回归模型评估了社会人口统计学变量,人体状况,抗精神病药物的使用和确定的饮食模式之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 确定了两个早餐的饮食模式,以及三个午餐,下午零食和晚餐的饮食模式.
- 常见的模式包括传统的巴西食品 (例如,大米,豆类,肉类) 和超加工物品 (例如,糖果,片,加工肉类).
- 所有模式中都没有水果;在午餐和晚餐出现了蔬菜. 下午小吃的能量和能量密度都很高. 社会人口统计学因素,人类测量和抗精神病药物的使用与饮食模式相关.
结论:
- 患有自闭症儿童和青少年的饮食模式包括传统的巴西食品和超加工食品,水果和蔬菜的消费量有限.
- 鉴定的模式突出了营养干预措施的潜在目标,以改善这一群体的饮食质量和健康结果.
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