在重症监护室减少噪音的干预措施:系统性审查
Eugene Han1, Haeun Kang2, Yeonsoo Jang3
1College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Intensive Care Unit, Division of Nursing, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Intensive & critical care nursing
|September 20, 2025
概括
在重症监护室 (ICU) 进行的降噪干预措施显示出不同的结果. 虽然一些策略可以改善患者的治疗结果,但噪音水平往往超过标准,需要长期研究和多元组件方法来有效地管理ICU噪音.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
背景情况:
- 重症监护病房 (ICU) 本质上是杂的环境,对患者的康复和医疗保健专业人员 (HCP) 的福祉产生负面影响.
- 在ICU中噪音水平升高与患者不良结果有关,包括睡眠障碍和生理压力增加.
- 有效的噪音管理策略对于优化ICU环境至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查降噪干预措施对ICU客观测量的噪声水平的影响.
- 评估与这些干预相关的患者和医疗保健专业人员 (HCP) 的临床和感知结果.
- 综合各种降噪策略在ICU环境中的有效性的证据.
主要方法:
- 针对2015年1月至2024年12月期间发表的研究,对六个主要电子数据库进行了系统搜索.
- 该审查遵循了"柯克伦手册"和"系统性审查和元分析 (PRISMA) 的首选报告项目"指南.
- 包括的研究进行了质量评估,包括随机对照试验 (RCT) 和准实验设计.
主要成果:
- 十二项研究符合纳入标准,采用了不同的干预措施:以患者为导向 (耳塞),环境修改 (隔音),以医疗人员为导向 (教育) 和多组件方法.
- 干预措施在降低噪音水平和改善患者的睡眠质量等结果方面表现出可变的有效性.
- 尽管减少了噪音,但噪音水平经常高于世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的建议,大多数评估都是短期的.
结论:
- 在ICU中减少噪音的干预措施的有效性各不相同,多组件策略显示出解决多个噪音源的希望.
- 虽然一些干预措施可以改善患者护理和医疗保健工作者福祉,但持续降低低于世卫组织标准的噪音需要进一步调查.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑长期有效性研究和强大的RCT,以建立基于证据的ICU噪音管理协议.
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