与墨西哥的健康和可持续饮食相比,目前的环境影响,营养充足度和货币成本:建模研究研究
Andrea Arango-Angarita1, Mishel Unar-Munguía2, Juan A Rivera3
1Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
|September 20, 2025
概括
墨西哥的健康和可持续饮食 (HSD) 比目前的饮食更实惠,更环保. 虽然大多数HSD满足营养需求,但维生素B12和维生素D需要关注公共卫生战略.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 当前的粮食系统造成环境破坏和资源枯竭.
- 健康和可持续的饮食 (HSD) 可以减轻这些影响,但成本和营养充足程度各不相同.
- 在墨西哥等中等收入国家,HSD的证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计7个HSD场景的环境影响,成本和营养充足度,与墨西哥当前的饮食相比.
- 评估墨西哥成年人HSD的可行性.
主要方法:
- 使用DIETCOST工具对7个HSD场景和当前墨西哥饮食进行建模研究.
- 根据估计的平均需求评估的营养充足度.
- 使用墨西哥和国际数据分析的环境指标 (碳足迹,土地利用,水足迹,生物多样性丧失).
主要成果:
- HSDs比目前的饮食成本低12%至25%.
- 对于高发达地区,土地利用率下降了23.6%-53.2%,而纯素饮食的影响最小.
- 植物性饮食显著减少了碳足迹和生物多样性丧失;大多数HSD都满足了营养充足度,除了维生素B12和维生素D.
结论:
- 与目前的墨西哥饮食相比,所有评估的HSD都显示出较低的成本和环境影响.
- 在墨西哥,HSD为可持续的公共卫生营养策略提供了可行的基础.
- 解决特定营养缺乏 (如维生素B12和维生素D) 对于成功实施至关重要.
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