机器学习和深度学习在MRI中用于量化和分期脂肪肝疾病的方法:系统性审查
Mohammadreza Elhaie1, Abolfazl Koozari2, Hossein Koohi1
1Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Journal of medical imaging and radiation sciences
|September 21, 2025
概括
机器学习和深度学习显著改善了基于MRI的脂肪肝疾病评估,为肝硬化症量化和分期提供了高准确性和效率. 这些人工智能技术提高了诊断能力,为更好的临床整合铺平了道路.
科学领域:
- 放射学和医学成像学 医学成像学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
背景情况:
- 脂肪肝病影响全球大约25%的成年人,包括非酒精性脂肪肝病 (NAFLD) 和与酒精有关的肝病 (ALD).
- 使用质子密度脂肪分数 (PDFF) 的磁共振成像 (MRI) 是非侵入性肝硬化量化的黄金标准,但由于成本,可变性和分析时间而面临临临床使用的限制.
- 机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL) 显示出在基于MRI的量化和分期中克服这些局限性的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查MRI应用的ML和DL技术的诊断准确性,可重现性和临床实用性,以量化和分期肝硬化.
- 使用MRI数据评估AI在改善脂肪肝疾病评估方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指导方针进行系统审查,搜索多个数据库,查找有关MRI脂肪肝疾病 (NAFLD,NASH,ALD) 的ML/DL应用的研究.
- 包括使用ML/DL技术 (例如CNN,GAN) 对MRI数据 (例如PDFF,Dixon MRI) 的研究,并评估诊断准确性 (AUC),可重现性 (ICC,Dice) 和临床实用性等结果.
- 使用QUADAS-2进行数据提取和偏差风险评估,并在可行的情况下进行叙事综合和元分析.
主要成果:
- 使用CNN,GAN,放射学和各种MRI序列的词典学习的15项研究表明,诊断精度高 (AUC为0.85-0.97) 和可复制性强 (ICC为0.94-0.99).
- 效率显著提高,处理时间低于0.16s/slice,扫描时间低于1分钟.
- 通过虚拟活检,手术规划和治疗监测等应用程序突出显示了临床实用性,尽管样本大小小和单中心设计等局限性.
结论:
- ML和DL技术大大提高了基于MRI的肝硬化症评估,提供了高精度,可重现性和效率.
- 在细分和PDFF量化方面,CNN特别有效,而GAN和放射学支持自由呼吸MRI和NASH分期.
- 进一步的多中心研究和标准化对于这些人工智能驱动方法的广泛临床整合至关重要.
相关概念视频
Ultrasound II: Endoscopic Ultrasound and FibroScan
565
Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) and FibroScan are valuable diagnostic tools in gastroenterology and hepatology, each with specific applications and techniques.
Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS):
Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS):
565
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
9.1K
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
9.1K
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI
313
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
313


