营养障碍和相关疾病 - - 老年患者的流行,重叠和与一年生存率的关系
Frida Ostonen Peelen1, Maria Enge2, Rikke Lundsgaard Nielsen3
1Theme Inflammation and Aging, Nursing Unit Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Hälsovägen 13, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
The journal of nutrition, health & aging
|September 21, 2025
概括
营养不良和虚弱在老年老年患者中很常见,并且与生存率降低有关. 解决这些营养障碍和相关疾病对于改善老年护理结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 临床流行病学 临床流行病学
背景情况:
- 在老年人中,营养障碍 (营养不良,脱水,肥胖) 和相关疾病 (虚弱,) 经常同时存在.
- 了解这些疾病的相互作用和预后意义对于老年患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查老年住院患者营养障碍和与营养有关的疾病之间的重叠.
- 评估这些条件对一年生存率的单独和联合影响.
主要方法:
- 100名老年患者 (≥65岁) 的横截面研究.
- 利用全球营养不良领导倡议 (GLIM) 营养不良的标准,低摄入量脱水方程,以及肥胖的BMI.
- 通过EWGSOP2标准评估使用临床虚弱度表和肉眼的脆弱性;在出院后记录了一年死亡率.
主要成果:
- 观察到的高患病率:虚弱 (67%),摄入量低的脱水 (62%),营养不良 (58%),肉 (30%),肥胖 (13%).
- 这些与营养相关的条件之间存在显著的重叠.
- 综合营养障碍和疾病的数量增加,以及仅营养不良,与一年生存率下降相关.
结论:
- 营养不良,低摄入量脱水,虚弱和肉病非常普遍,在急性住院的老年患者中明显重叠.
- 这些与营养有关的问题的累积负担会对患者的生存率产生不利影响.
- 营养不良,即使单独考虑,也是该人口减少一年生存的重要预测因素.
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