在健康技术评估和指导方针中应该考虑哪些成本和好处? 尼斯公司的前景
1National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Manchester, England, UK; Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, England, UK.
概括
卫生干预措施的经济评估使用不同的视角. 国家卫生和护理卓越研究所保留了卫生部门的观点,但在相关的情况下考虑了社会影响,平衡了利益和成本.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 卫生技术评估 卫生技术评估
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 经济评估定义了卫生干预措施的效益和成本的范围.
- 展望范围从卫生部门 (结果,成本) 到社会 (更广泛的公共支出影响).
- 视角的选择会影响金钱价值的评估.
研究的目的:
- 描述国家卫生和护理卓越研究所对采用社会视角的评估.
- 阐明保持灵活的卫生部门视角的理由.
- 讨论经济评估中的权衡.
主要方法:
- 在健康经济评估中对社会视角的支持和反对论据的审查.
- 对付款人决策目标的分析.
- 检查社会视角的伦理,实践和方法挑战.
主要成果:
- 国家卫生和护理卓越研究所决定保留卫生部门的价值评估视角.
- 保持灵活性,在特别相关的情况下考虑更广泛的社会影响.
- 挑战包括缺乏关于机会成本的证据,权衡的方法,以及生产力影响的歧视性后果.
结论:
- 最佳的观点取决于付款人的目标;社会观点可以在某些条件下优化公共支出.
- 伦理,实践和方法问题使全面社会视角的实施复杂化.
- 在技术评估和指导方针开发中,平衡健康和非健康影响至关重要.
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