质氨酸驱动DNA和糖氨基氨基甘油的液体和固体凝结
Florian J F van der Harten1,2, Vahid Sheikhhassani1,2, Alireza Mashaghi1,2
1Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Science, Leiden University, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
|September 22, 2025
概括
一种精子蛋白质 - - 质氨酸,与DNA形成相分离的凝结物. 肝素可以破坏这些结构,为DNA紧缩和潜在的生殖医学应用提供了见解.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
背景情况:
- 生物分子凝聚物对于细胞组织至关重要,通过相位分离来调节核蛋白和基因组功能.
- 质氨酸是一种富含氨酸的核蛋白,对精子中的双链DNA (dsDNA) 紧缩至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究质氨酸与单链DNA (ssDNA) 和dsDNA的相分离行为.
- 为了探索盐度和肝素对这些凝聚物的调制.
- 评估这些发现的潜力,以开发可编程生物分子冷凝剂,用于核酸输送和生殖医学.
主要方法:
- 用ssDNA证明原氨基相分离和诱导dsDNA聚合.
- 质胺-ssDNA凝聚物的特征是粘弹性液滴.
- 调制研究涉及盐度和肝素处理.
- 与其他带电蛋白和糖氨酸氨基甘油的比较分析.
- 可编程生物分子凝聚物的概念验证.
主要成果:
- 质氨酸与ssDNA进行相分离,诱导dsDNA聚合.
- 质氨酸-ssDNA凝聚物是粘弹性液滴,可以通过盐和肝素调节.
- 肝素从凝聚物中取代ssDNA,并溶解质氨酸-dsDNA聚合物,形成不同的凝聚物.
- 质氨酸和肝素直接形成相似的相隔滴,表明具有竞争性的结合.
- 对比分析提供了对原氨酸-氨酸凝结行为的见解.
结论:
- 质氨酸-DNA相互作用导致具有可调节性质的相分离凝聚物.
- 氨酸作为调节剂,破坏原胺-DNA相互作用,并诱导过渡.
- 这些发现为精子中蛋白质胺驱动的DNA紧缩提供了新的视角,以及在生殖医学和核酸输送中的潜在应用.
相关概念视频
01:30Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins
1.7K
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
1.7K
02:15Condensins
4.5K
Condensins are large protein complexes that use ATP to fuel the assembly of chromosomes during mitosis. They transform the tangled, shapeless mass of post-interphase DNA into individualized chromosomes by compacting, organizing, and segregating chromosomal DNA.
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
4.5K
01:09Colloidal precipitates
5.4K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
5.4K
01:05Proteoglycans
4.7K
Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
4.7K
01:15Dehydration Synthesis
148.6K
Overview
Dehydration synthesis (also called a condensation reaction) is the chemical process in which two molecules covalently link together to form a new molecule, along with the release of a water molecule. Many physiologically important compounds form by dehydration synthesis reactions, such as complex carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
Synthesis of carbohydrates
Sugar molecules are covalently linked together by dehydration synthesis. During the reaction, the hydroxyl (-OH) group from...
Dehydration synthesis (also called a condensation reaction) is the chemical process in which two molecules covalently link together to form a new molecule, along with the release of a water molecule. Many physiologically important compounds form by dehydration synthesis reactions, such as complex carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
Synthesis of carbohydrates
Sugar molecules are covalently linked together by dehydration synthesis. During the reaction, the hydroxyl (-OH) group from...
148.6K
01:23Glycosaminoglycans
6.9K
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), also known as mucopolysaccharides, are long and linear polymers comprising of specific repeating disaccharides - the amino sugar that can be N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine, and a uronic acid that is usually glucuronic acid or iduronic acid.
GAGS are found in the extracellular matrix of vertebrates, invertebrates, and bacteria. Due to their polar nature they attract water, and serve as excellent lubricants or shock absorbers in an animal body.
Hyaluronic...
GAGS are found in the extracellular matrix of vertebrates, invertebrates, and bacteria. Due to their polar nature they attract water, and serve as excellent lubricants or shock absorbers in an animal body.
Hyaluronic...
6.9K