机器学习模型的评估,以从随机临床试验数据中测量个性化治疗效果,并提供时间到事件的结果
ArXiv
|September 22, 2025
概括
灵活的机器学习模型可以在临床试验中估计个性化的治疗效果. 这些先进的方法,包括神经网络和随机生存森林,有效地处理复杂的患者数据,以实现个性化医疗.
科学领域:
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
- 基因组数据分析 基因组数据分析
背景情况:
- 临床试验中的回归模型分析患者变量和治疗效果.
- 高维数据,包括基因组学,对传统模型构成挑战.
- 个性化治疗建议需要捕捉复杂数据交互的模型.
研究的目的:
- 在临床试验中评估灵活的机器学习模型,以提供个性化的治疗建议.
- 评估模型将高维数据中的交互和非线性效应纳入模型的能力.
- 将基于神经网络的生存模型 (CoxCC,CoxTime) 和随机生存森林 (交互森林) 的性能与受惩罚的Cox模型基准进行比较.
主要方法:
- 利用神经网络 (CoxCC,CoxTime) 和随机生存森林 (交互森林) 来进行生存分析.
- 采用了考克斯模型,以适应性LASSO惩罚作为基准.
- 评估模型使用个性化治疗建议指标进行评估:C-for-Benefit,E50-for-Benefit和RMSE治疗益处.
- 进行了广泛的模拟与非线性和相互作用到第三次.
- 应用模型对基因表达和两项乳腺癌研究的临床数据.
主要成果:
- 机器学习模型在模拟数据上表现出合理的性能.
- 互动森林显示出强大的歧视能力.
- 神经网络模型表现出良好的校准.
- 模型能够在复杂的数据集中评估个性化的治疗效果.
结论:
- 灵活的机器学习模型对于在随机试验中估计个性化治疗效果是有价值的.
- 这些方法有效地处理具有非线性和相互作用的高维数据.
- 神经网络和随机生存森林为瘤学中个性化医学的传统模型提供了有希望的替代方案.
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