在低收入和中等收入国家对乙型肝炎查的经济评估:系统性审查
Ha Thi Nguyen1, Phuong Thi Lan Nguyen2, Trinh Viet Ngo2
1University of Health Sciences, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Di An City, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam. nthiha@uhsvnu.edu.vn.
International journal of clinical pharmacy
|September 22, 2025
概括
在低收入和中等收入国家,综合性乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 查和干预策略具有成本效益. 干预措施,如对孕妇的特诺福维尔预防和成人和儿童的综合查/疫苗接种,具有显著的价值.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- 乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染对全球健康造成重大负担,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 有效的查干预措施对于缓解HBV传播和减少相关的发病率和死亡率至关重要.
- 经济评估对于指导在LMICs内的HBV控制计划中的资源配置至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合各种乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 查策略的经济证据,这些策略在LMICs中实施.
- 在不同的人口群体中确定HBV查和干预的最具成本效益的方法.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Scopus) 进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2024年8月.
- 包括的研究是经济评估,比较在LMICs中不同的HBV查策略.
- 使用CHEERS 2022和CHEC检查清单来评估研究质量;协议注册在PROSPERO.
主要成果:
- 24项研究评估了孕妇,成年人和儿童的HBV查,主要来自亚洲国家.
- 对于孕妇来说,使用tenofovir预防的产前查比仅针对婴儿的干预措施更具成本效益.
- 将查扩展到一般成年人群,并将查与治疗/疫苗接种相结合,被证明是具有成本效益的,特别是对于年轻成年人 (21-39岁).
- 查与再接种疫苗策略相结合,对患有HBV感染的母亲生下的孩子来说是具有成本效益的.
结论:
- 综合性HBV干预措施,包括查,预防,治疗和疫苗接种,通常在LMICs的不同人群中具有成本效益.
- 具体的成本效益策略包括针对受感染的孕妇使用特诺福维尔,针对成人进行综合查/治疗/接种疫苗,针对儿童进行查/再接种疫苗.
- 这些发现支持扩大综合性HBV控制计划,以改善资源有限的环境中的公共卫生结果.
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