标签声明和饮食补充剂的感知健康益处
Joanna Nicole Assadourian1,2, Eric D Peterson2, Ann Marie Navar2
1University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
JAMA network open
|September 22, 2025
概括
消费者对食补充剂标签的解释往往导致误解,结构/功能声明被认为是预防疾病. 这凸显了需要更明确的补充剂标签法规,以防止消费者对健康益处的误解.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 消费者健康行为
- 监管科学 监管科学
背景情况:
- 食补充剂在标签上经常包含结构/功能声明,例如支持心脏或大脑健康.
- 从法律上讲,这些声明并不意味着补充剂可以预防或治疗任何疾病.
- 消费者对这些结构/功能陈述的实际解释在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食补充剂标签上常用的结构/功能声明与消费者对补充剂健康益处的信念之间的联系.
- 评估消费者是否认为结构/功能声明表明疾病预防或治疗.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项在线调查研究,涉及通过SurveyMonkey Audience平台招募的美国成年人.
- 参与者被随机分配到看补充剂标签的四种变化之一 (鱼油或假设的补充剂Viadin H) 与不同的健康相关陈述.
- 评估了消费者对补充剂的健康益处的看法,特别是其预防或治疗各种疾病的可能性.
主要成果:
- 与没有索赔的对照组相比,暴露于鱼油"支持心脏健康"声称的受访者更有可能相信它可以预防心脏病发作和心力衰竭.
- 同样",支持认知功能"的说法导致人们越来越相信鱼油能够预防痴呆症并改善痴呆症患者的记忆力.
- 对于假设的Viadin H补充剂,各种"心脏健康"和"大脑健康"的声明同样影响了消费者对预防疾病的信念,在标签变化中观察到的统计学上显著的差异.
结论:
- 饮食补充剂标签上常用的结构/功能声明经常被消费者误解.
- 消费者经常认为这些说法暗示疾病特异性益处,这与这些说法的监管意图相矛盾.
- 有可能需要加强关于补充剂标签的规定,以减轻消费者误解,并确保准确的健康益处感知.
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