在产前阿片类药物暴露后,新生儿中大脑连接受损
Josepheen De Asis-Cruz1, Jung-Hoon Kim1, Kushal Kapse1
1Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC.
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
|September 22, 2025
概括
产前阿片类药物暴露会改变新生儿的大脑功能连接,特别是影响感觉运动和情感电路. 这项研究揭示了大脑网络的广泛变化,影响了早期的神经发育.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 产前阿片类药物暴露对新生儿大脑发育的影响尚不清楚.
- 之前的研究样本规模小,缺乏匹配的对照.
- 研究新生儿的功能连接 (FC) 对于理解神经发育结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较新生儿在产前暴露于阿片类药物的脑功能连接 (FC) 与未暴露的新生儿.
- 通过神经成像来研究阿片类药物暴露对早期大脑发育的影响.
- 确定受产前阿片类药物暴露影响的特定大脑区域和网络.
主要方法:
- 休息状态功能磁共振成像 (rs-fMRI) 用于大量新生儿队列.
- 基于种子的相关性分析被用来评估93个大脑区域的FC.
- 统计分析发现了阿片类药物暴露和未暴露组之间的FC显著差异,并对多重比较进行了调整.
主要成果:
- 暴露于阿片类药物的新生儿的功能性脑网络在整体组织上与对照组相比较 (Dice指数>0.9).
- 暴露于阿片类药物的新生儿在传感运动和轨道前部区域以及小脑中表现出降低的FC.
- 在暴露的新生儿中,观察到增加的FC在周围透视,皮下 (杏仁体,海马体,皮) 和部区域.
结论:
- 产前阿片类药物暴露导致新生儿大脑功能网络组织的显著改变.
- 这些变化在综合性感官运动情感电路中尤其明显.
- 这些发现强调了发育中的大脑在妊娠期间对阿片类药物暴露的脆弱性.
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