孕期人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种暴露和出生缺陷的风险:基于人口的回顾性队列研究
Jin Guo1,2,3,4, Peng Zhao2,3,4, Chunrong Liu2,3,4
1West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
|September 23, 2025
概括
在怀孕前期接种人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗并没有与出生缺陷 (BDs) 的风险增加有关. 这一发现为那些处于生育年龄的妇女提供了保证,她们考虑在怀孕前或早期接受HPV疫苗接种.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 关于怀孕期间接种人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗的安全性存在有限的证据.
- 评估与怀孕前HPV疫苗接种相关的出生缺陷 (BD) 风险对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 这项研究解决了 HPV 疫苗接种在生育年龄妇女的安全问题.
研究的目的:
- 评估妊娠前HPV疫苗接种与出生缺陷 (BD) 的风险之间的关联.
- 评估总体BD和10个器官系统特定BD的风险.
- 分析来自中国大规模人口群的数据.
主要方法:
- 在中国门177574例怀孕的回顾性队列研究 (2018年3月至2021年3月).
- 倾向性得分匹配 (PSM) 和Poisson回归被用来估计调整后的相对风险 (aRR).
- 针对不同疫苗价值的亚组分析和八个敏感性分析进行.
主要成果:
- 怀孕前HPV疫苗接种与PSM后的总体BD风险增加无关 (aRR为0.66;95% CI为0.26-1.70).
- 对于器官系统特定的BDs,没有发现显著的关联.
- 对4vHPV和9vHPV疫苗的亚组分析也显示没有增加BD风险.
结论:
- 在妊娠前期接触HPV疫苗似乎不会增加出生缺陷的风险.
- 虽然这些发现很强大,但需要进一步的大规模研究来确认器官系统特异性BDs的精度.
- 这项研究提供了证据,支持怀孕前HPV疫苗接种的安全性.
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