在探索早期发育的研究中,经怀孕的荷尔蒙避孕方法使用和自闭症谱系障碍
Michelle T Delahanty1, Stephanie Engel1, Dani Fallin2
1Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology
|September 23, 2025
概括
在怀孕期间使用荷尔蒙避孕药显示了与后代自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的潜在联系,尽管结果不准确. 在受孕前停止治疗与ASD风险无关.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 围产期流行病学 围产期流行病学
背景情况:
- 以前的研究表明,周周受孕激素暴露与自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 之间存在联系.
- 含有合成雌激素和孕激素的荷尔蒙避孕药被广泛使用.
- 由于使用荷尔蒙避孕药,怀孕期间潜在的胎儿暴露是令人担忧的,其后果尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查生育期间使用荷尔蒙避孕药和后代患ASD的发展之间的联系.
- 要区分在怀孕前和怀孕期间使用荷尔蒙避孕药与ASD风险之间的区别.
主要方法:
- 来自探索早期发育研究 (SEED) 的数据分析,这是一项基于美国人口的病例控制研究 (2007-2020).
- 包括2.5-5岁的儿童,确诊ASD诊断和对照.
- 通过结构化访谈评估荷尔蒙避孕药的使用情况,对共变量进行后勤回归调整.
主要成果:
- 在怀孕期间使用荷尔蒙避孕药和ASD之间观察到一种暗示性关联 (调整后的几率比率[aOR]1.38,95% CI 0.93-2.05).
- 在怀孕前使用荷尔蒙避孕药和ASD之间没有发现显著的关联 (aOR1.02,95% CI 0.84-1.25)
- 在怀孕期间使用荷尔蒙避孕药被2.3%的参与者报告,而9.9%的参与者在怀孕前停止使用.
结论:
- 在怀孕之前停止使用荷尔蒙避孕药与ASD的风险增加无关.
- 该研究强调了由于患病率低,回忆偏差和未测量的混,结果可能不准确.
- 需要进一步的研究来澄清怀孕期间使用荷尔蒙避孕药和ASD发展之间的关系.
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