对于胸部X射线图报告的生成人工智能模型的临床验证:一个多队列研究
Eui Jin Hwang1, Jong Hyuk Lee1, Woo Hyeon Lim1
1Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
Radiology
|September 23, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 产生的放射学报告与放射科医生撰写的报告具有相似的临床可接受性,但需要更多的修订. 虽然人工智能报告在检测异常方面具有更高的灵敏度,但它们的特异性较低,表明未来发展的潜力.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是指放射学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地用于生成放射学报告,需要进行彻底的临床评估.
- 人工智能生成的报告的准确性和可接受性需要与人类生成的报告进行评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估人工智能生成的胸部X光学报告的临床可接受性.
- 评估人工智能算法的准确性,以识别胸部X射线影像中可参考的异常.
主要方法:
- 来自不同临床环境 (ICU,ED,健康检查,公共数据集) 的胸部X光片的回顾性收集.
- 应用一个自动化的AI算法来生成报告.
- 七名胸部放射科医生使用标准和严格标准对报告可接受性的评估.
- 人工智能生成和放射科医生撰写的报告对可接受性,敏感性和特异性的比较.
主要成果:
- 人工智能和放射科医生报告显示,根据标准标准 (88.4% vs 89.2%,P = .36) 的可比性可接受性.
- 根据严格的标准 (66.8% vs 75.7%,P < .001),AI报告的接受度较低,需要大量修订.
- 人工智能报告显示,可参考异常的灵敏度较高 (81.2%与59.4%,P<.001),但特异性较低 (81.0%与93.6%,P<.001).
结论:
- 人工智能生成的胸部X射线报告与放射科医生撰写的报告具有相似的可接受性,尽管经常需要修订.
- 人工智能在提高异常检测灵敏度方面表现有前途,但需要进一步改进以提高特异性.
- 接受调查的放射科医生表示,目前的AI报告还不足以取代人类生成的报告.
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