人造骨的多层次生物构造:战略和临床应用前景
Yonggang Zhao1, Lingwenyao Kong2, Toshitatsu Nagayasu3
1State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Equipment, Tubular Goods Research Institute of CNPC, Xi'an, China.
Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews
|September 23, 2025
概括
开发用于骨修复的先进生物材料至关重要. 本综述强调了矿化原复合物和多尺度仿生策略,以创造具有改进性能的人工骨.
科学领域:
- 生物材料科学 生物材料科学
- 再生医学是一种再生医学.
- 整形外科工程 整形外科工程
背景情况:
- 有效的骨缺陷修复面临着当前合成材料在机械强度,生物活性和降解方面面临的挑战.
- 现有的骨移植替代品,如金属,陶和聚合物,在临床应用中存在局限性.
- 自然骨的层次结构为优越的生物材料设计提供了一个蓝图.
研究的目的:
- 审查最近在合成骨材料中取得的进展,以修复缺陷.
- 通过生物仿真矿化制造的新型矿化原复合物.
- 为人工骨中的多维生物仿真提出一个多层级级级别调节策略.
主要方法:
- 对当前合成骨材料的临床优点和弱点进行批判性分析.
- 使用生物仿真矿化技术制造矿化原复合物.
- 纳米级自组装,电旋和宏观级融合的整合,用于构建人工骨结构.
主要成果:
- 矿化原复合物显示出临床骨缺陷修复的显著潜力.
- 一个多层次的级联调节策略使自然骨的组成,结构和功能的多维模仿成为可能.
- 通过先进的制造技术,成功地制造出了人造的叶片骨和人造的皮层骨.
结论:
- 本综述为人造骨修复材料和未来发展趋势提供了宝贵的见解.
- 生物仿真矿化和多尺度策略是开发下一代骨生物材料的关键.
- 进一步开发可降解的,仿生的人工紧骨,对临床应用具有重大前景.
相关概念视频
01:55Bone Structure
Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
01:40Bone Remodeling
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
01:31Bone Remodeling and Repair
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...