动机很重要:招生动机如何塑造博士经验和职业愿望
Nikita Smirnov1, Elena Tarasova1
1Institute of Education, HSE University, Moscow, Russia.
PloS one
|September 23, 2025
概括
在俄罗斯的博士生中确定了四个动机概况. 学术动机与更高的满意度和研究职业意图相关,而非学术动机需要研究参与来培养职业抱负.
科学领域:
- 高等教育研究 高等教育研究
- 教育心理学教育的心理学.
- 科学社会学科学社会学
背景情况:
- 俄罗斯的博士学位教育在将学生的动机与学术成功和职业目标相协调方面面临挑战.
- 了解不同学生的动机对于提高博士课程的有效性和留学生数量至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有充分探讨俄罗斯博士候选人的具体动机概况.
研究的目的:
- 在俄罗斯的博士生中识别出不同的动机概况.
- 检查这些个人资料与学术成果 (满意度,信心,职业愿望) 之间的关系.
- 为俄罗斯博士教育的政策和实践提供信息.
主要方法:
- 隐性类分析应用于对1,267名俄罗斯博士生进行全国调查的数据.
- 统计分析以将动机概况与满意度,论文辩护信心和研究职业意图相关联.
主要成果:
- 确定了四个动机概况:学术定向,无意识的动机,专注于主题,以及所有东西在任何地方.
- 学术导向概况与更高的满意度,信心和研究职业意图有关.
- 无意识的动机与较低的满意度,信心和较弱的研究职业倾向相关. 非学术动机,如军事延期,影响结果.
- 研究参与是培养最初非学术动机的学生研究职业愿望的关键.
结论:
- 激励型个人资料对俄罗斯的博士生体验和成果有很大的影响.
- 当前的大学政策可能无法充分解决博士生不同的动机和需求.
- 建议包括修改招生策略,课程结构和支持系统,以提高学生的成功和职业发展.
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