一个可解释的SERS-AI平台,用于快速和定量诊断多微生物尿路感染:由正电荷的等离子纳米粒子和基于注意力的深度学习提供动力
Zhonghua Shen1, Linguo Xie2, Yuwei Hou3
1Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China.
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|September 24, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了一种新的SERS-AI平台,用于快速,准确地检测和量化多微生物尿路感染 (UTI). 可解释的AI模型增强了复杂临床样本的诊断能力.
科学领域:
- 纳米技术和先进材料
- 人工智能在诊断中的应用
- 微生物病原和宿主反应
背景情况:
- 多微生物尿路感染 (UTI) 由于症状重叠和常规方法的局限性,造成了重大诊断挑战.
- 现有的表面增强拉曼光谱 (SERS) 和人工智能 (AI) 方法用于微生物诊断往往缺乏复杂样品的可重现性,量化和解释性.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个无标签,可解释的SERS-AI平台,快速识别和量化混合尿路病原体.
- 为增强细菌捕获和稳定的SERS信号生成设计一个等离子基质.
- 创建一个能够准确分类和可靠的微生物混合物的比例预测的人工智能模型.
主要方法:
- 使用Au@Ag核心外纳米颗粒和bPEI表面用于静电细菌捕获,设计了一个等离子基板.
- 开发了一个卷积神经网络 (CNN),与卷积区注意模块 (CBAM) 集成,用于增强SERS数据分析.
- 使用模拟微生物混合物和临床尿样验证了平台.
主要成果:
- 在混合物中,SERS-AI平台实现了高分类准确度 (95.8%) 和可靠的细菌比例预测 (R2 = 0.9112).
- 注意力机制提供了机械解释性,识别了与微生物成分相关的光谱特征.
- 临床样本验证显示出强大的预测性能 (准确率 = 86.9%,R2 = 0.8626).
结论:
- 开发的SERS-AI平台为诊断多微生物尿路感染提供了高吞吐量和可解释的解决方案.
- 这种方法促进了对基于拉曼的微生物表型的机理学理解.
- 这些发现为临床部署和在尿路感染管理中采用微生物组信息的干预措施铺平了道路.
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