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Chuanxi Wang^1,2, Bingxu Cheng^1,2, Zhenggao Xiao^1,2

¹Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|September 24, 2025

概括

纳米技术提高了利用效率 (NUE) 在大米种植. 这种方法减少了肥料需求,减少了排放,提高了作物产量和质量,为环境和经济带来了显著的好处.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
环境科学环境科学
纳米技术纳米技术

背景情况:

提高利用效率 (NUE) 对可持续农业至关重要,旨在减少肥料投入,温室气体排放和水污染.
当前的挑战包括在不损害全球粮食安全的情况下加强NUE.
需要利用地面和地下工厂流程的协同方法来进行现场规模的改进.

研究的目的:

开发和应用基于的纳米技术,以提高在生产中的现场规模的NUE.
研究纳米材料对大米光合作用,根球过程和代谢的影响.
与传统做法相比,评估这种纳米调节技术对环境和经济的好处.

主要方法:

纳米材料在作物上的叶子应用,降低了 (N) 肥料的30%.
测量光合作用速率,碳水化合物合成和转移,以及根球N转化过程 (氨化,化,脱化).
分析米根生长,与吸收和转移相关的基因表达,产量,质量参数,环境影响和经济效益.

主要成果:

纳米材料显著增强了的光合作用 (40.3%) 和NUE (48.3%),使用的N肥量减少了30%.
减少30%的肥应用导致甲,氨和氧化排放减少 (18.8%至45.6%).
改善了米根生长,N吸收/转移基因表达,质量 (蛋白质,氨基酸,Se含量),减少了环境影响 (41.0%) 和增加了经济效益 (38.2%).

结论:

基于的纳米技术通过优化地面和地下协同作用,有效地增强了中的现场规模的NUE.
这种纳米调节技术为减少肥料投入,减轻环境污染和改善农业经济提供了可持续的解决方案.
纳米技术具有革命性农业实践的巨大潜力,特别是在提高肥利用效率方面.

关键词:

纳米农业技术纳米农业技术用的使用效率效率.菲洛斯菲尔里索斯菲尔的相互作用.

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