智力能力与神经分化个体的听觉多语者语音感知之间的关系
Bonnie K Lau1,2, Katherine Emmons3, Ross K Maddox4
1Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
PloS one
|September 24, 2025
概括
以智商来衡量的智力能力与在杂的环境中理解言语有很强的相关性. 较低的智力能力与神经分化个体在多语者语音感知方面更大的困难有关.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 在杂的环境中有效的沟通依赖于在竞争的声音中选择性地关注一个说话者.
- 在神经分化的人群中,智力能力的差异很大,但它对多语者语音感知的影响尚不清楚.
- 了解这种关系对于开发有针对性的听力学和认知支持至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在多语者条件下调查智力能力和语音感知表现之间的关系.
- 确定智力能力是否是影响在复杂声学场景中分离听力流的能力的一个重要因素.
- 在神经发育条件下探索与智力能力相关的语音感知能力的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 参与者包括患有自闭症,胎儿酒精谱系障碍的个体,以及典型发育的比较组,所有人都有正常听力.
- 测量了多语者条件下的语音感知值.
- 智商测试使用智商测试来评估智力能力.
主要成果:
- 在智商分数和多语者语音感知值之间观察到强烈的正相关性.
- 智力较低的人,包括自闭症和胎儿酒精谱系障碍的人,在复杂的听觉环境中更难以感知言语.
- 这种困难仍然存在,尽管周边听觉功能完好无损.
结论:
- 智力能力的缺陷与自闭症和胎儿酒精谱系障碍患者在多语者情况下的语音感知障碍有关.
- 听觉注意力背后的认知控制机制需要在这些人群中进一步研究.
- 对神经分离个体的听力学评估应考虑智力能力,以改善现实世界的沟通支持.
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