颗粒状活性炭在废水中取样病毒和细菌的现场性能:为了基于废水的流行病学,向量化被动抽样
Shimul Ghosh1, Malek Smadi2, Aaron Bivins1
1Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Water research
|September 24, 2025
概括
颗粒活性炭 (GAC) 被动采样器为基于废水的流行病学 (WBE) 提供了一种资源高效的方法. 这些采样器在废水中检测到各种病原体和基因,有助于在各种环境中开展公共卫生监测.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 基于废水的流行病学.
背景情况:
- 低资源环境需要可适应的基于废水的流行病学 (WBE) 方法.
- 在这些地区,小型的,非正式的废水系统很常见.
- 高疾病负担需要有效的公共卫生监测.
研究的目的:
- 在资源有限的环境中评估颗粒活性炭 (GAC) 被动采样器的WBE.
- 评估采样者检测各种病原体和遗传物质的能力.
- 为了确定采样者的性能随着时间的推移和不同暴露时间的推移.
主要方法:
- 在90天内部署38个GAC被动采样器在原始废水流入中.
- 量化SARS-CoV-2RNA,呼吸系统同胞病毒RNA和人类腺病毒DNA.
- 分析了细菌DNA,抗生素耐药性基因和16S rRNA扩增剂.
- 在最多168小时的部署时间内评估吸附率.
主要成果:
- GAC样本检测到SARS-CoV-2,RSV和腺病毒,与区域趋势相关.
- 恢复的细菌DNA,包括mapA和抗生素耐药性基因 (tetW,blaTEM,blaCTX-M).
- 对病毒和细菌点的吸附率随着暴露时间的增加而呈指数级下降.
结论:
- GAC被动采样器显示出作为一种资源高效的WBE工具的希望.
- 可适应在各种废水系统中检测各种传染病原体.
- 进一步开发可以增强用于公共卫生的定量数据生成.
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