来自乌克兰的流离失所者的医疗保健覆盖和获得:评估欧盟成员国对临时保护指令的实施情况
Nicole Mauer1, Cristina Hernandez-Quevedo2, Astrid Eriksen3
1European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Place Victor Horta 40/30, 1060, Brussels, Belgium.
Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|September 24, 2025
概括
欧盟 (EU) 各国为乌克兰难民提供临时保护和医疗服务,但福利和语言和认识等进入障碍存在显著差异. 系统地收集数据对于定制服务和改善医疗保健整合至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 欧洲卫生系统 欧洲卫生系统
背景情况:
- 自冲突开始以来,超过430万非欧盟公民,主要来自乌克兰,在欧盟 (欧盟) 获得了临时保护.
- 欧盟成员国有义务向获得临时保护的受益人提供最低一套医疗保健服务.
- 东道国在安排医疗保健提供和扩大覆盖服务方面具有灵活性.
研究的目的:
- 评估欧盟27个国家的临时保护的实施情况.
- 为了比较分析立法框架,医疗保健覆盖范围,权利和财务规定.
- 识别在东道国的流离失所者获得医疗保健服务的障碍.
主要方法:
- 使用的定性研究方法.
- 与关键利益相关者进行了三轮调查.
- 利用了来自欧盟卫生安全委员会和卫生系统政策监测网络的数据.
主要成果:
- 所有欧盟成员国都制定了临时保护所需的法律规定.
- 在成员国之间观察到医疗保健福利和财政覆盖的显著差异.
- 获取关键障碍包括语言,现有的医疗保健能力限制以及受益者和提供者缺乏意识.
结论:
- 随着流离失所人口的稳定,系统的数据收集对于定制医疗服务至关重要.
- 将医疗保健提供与社会护理服务相结合,可以优化资源利用.
- 解决已识别的障碍对于乌克兰难民平等获得医疗保健至关重要.
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