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美国人自杀的风险 有工作残疾的成年人
Mark Olfson1, Candace M Cosgrove2, Melanie M Wall1
1Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York.
American journal of preventive medicine
|September 24, 2025
概括
美国有工作障碍的成年人面临着明显更高的自杀风险. 这种增加的风险在女性,年轻人以及具有特定功能障碍的人群中尤为明显,这突显了严重的公共卫生问题.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 有限的先前研究存在于自杀风险在美国成年人与联邦合格的劳动残疾.
- 了解这种风险对于制定有针对性的自杀预防干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国成年人劳动残疾和自杀风险之间的关联.
- 确定具有自杀风险较高的特定人口和功能障碍子组.
主要方法:
- 从2008年至2019年使用2008年美国社区调查 (N=2,403,000) 的全国代表性样本.
- 采用考克斯模型来估计自杀风险比率,控制人口和社会经济因素.
- 按年龄,性别和各种功能障碍 (例如认知,移动性) 分层分析.
主要成果:
- 与没有劳动残疾的成年人相比,劳动残疾的成年人自杀率更高 (100,000人中有34.6人),而没有劳动残疾的成年人自杀率更高 (100,000人中有13.5人).
- 在控制共变量 (HR=1.44) 后,工作残疾与自杀风险增加44%有关.
- 在女性 (HR=1.90),年轻成年人 (HR=1.84) 和视觉,认知,移动,自我照顾或独立生活障碍的人群中观察到自杀风险增加.
结论:
- 美国有工作障碍的成年人存在明显增加的自杀风险.
- 妇女,年轻人和具有特定功能障碍的个人代表了需要集中自杀预防工作的关键子组.
- 调查结果强调需要综合心理健康和残疾人支持服务.
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