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根据婚姻状况的死亡率和预期寿命不平等的变化:立陶宛的案例
Olga Meščeriakova1, Ramunė Kalėdienė2, Skirmantė Sauliūnė2
1Department of Health Management, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania. olga.mesceriakova@lsmu.lt.
BMC public health
|September 24, 2025
概括
立陶宛的健康不平等正在增长,在2001年至2014年期间,已婚和未婚个人之间的死亡率和预期寿命 (LE) 有显著差异. 这些差异,特别是心血管疾病和癌症死亡率,凸显了婚姻状况对公共卫生结果的影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 健康不平等是一个主要的全球公共卫生问题.
- 立陶宛是欧盟成员国,致力于减少健康差距.
- 立陶宛的死亡率和预期寿命 (LE) 不平等的长期趋势依据婚姻状况仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 分析立陶宛 (2001-2014) 婚姻状况主要死因死亡率不平等的变化.
- 根据立陶宛的婚姻状况 (2001-2014) 评估预期寿命 (LE) 不平等的变化.
主要方法:
- 包括30岁以上的立陶宛居民,死于心血管疾病 (CVD),癌症,外部原因和胃肠道疾病 (2001-2014).
- 按婚姻状况计算每10万人/年的年龄标准化死亡率.
- 使用利率差异和利率比率评估不平等,用LE通过生活表计算LE.
主要成果:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 在已婚和未婚人口中显示出最高的死亡率.
- 在已婚人群中,死因心血管疾病,癌症和外因的死亡率下降;在未婚人群中,死因外因和心血管疾病 (仅限女性) 的死亡率下降.
- 心血管疾病和癌症死亡率的比率增加;已婚人士的LE显著更高,女性的差异扩大得更快.
结论:
- 在2001年至2014年期间,立陶宛的死亡率和根据婚姻状况的LE不平等率普遍增加.
- 调查结果强调了社会人口统计学因素对死亡率趋势和健康不平等的影响.
- 这项研究可以为立陶宛制定有针对性的卫生政策和战略提供信息.
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