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肥料来源和土壤特性影响土壤测试和关系与在雪融冲流流失的损失

B Weiseth¹, J J Schoenau¹, J A Elliott²

¹Soil Science Department, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Journal of environmental quality

|September 25, 2025

概括

土壤测试 (STP) 有效地预测了 (P) 在融雪流水中的损失. 影响作物P吸收的肥料溶解度和土壤条件显著影响P流量,STP反映了这些影响.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
土壤科学土壤科学
环境科学环境科学

背景情况:

植物可获得的土壤可提取 (P) 对于施肥建议和评估流水中的P损失潜力至关重要.
现有的模型将土壤测试P (STP) 与加拿大大草原坑区的流水P度相关,往往忽视了肥料溶解度和土壤影响的作物生产率.
这些因素可能会影响STP的可靠性,因为STP是表面流水中P损失的指标.

研究的目的:

为了评估在模拟的融雪流水中STP和P度之间的关系.
评估不同无机P肥源,景观位置和土壤特性对P排水的影响.
在不同的农业管理和环境条件下确定STP的预测效用.

主要方法:

在加拿大萨斯喀彻温省中南部的三个不同地点对八个无机P肥源进行了为期3年的研究.
用修改的凯洛纳提取物进行土壤试验P (STP) 分析.
在模拟的融雪表面流水中测量P度.

主要成果:

较低溶解度的P肥料来源导致流水中的P度较低,可以通过秋季土壤残留P水平来预测.
受肥料应用,景观位置和作物类型影响的作物增加P吸收和去除,与降低在雪融冲流中的P损失相关.
土壤盐度升高和土壤湿度低限制了作物的P吸收,从而促进了表面冲水中的P损失,STP也表明了这一点.

结论:

STP是预测雪融流水中的P损失的有价值指标,即使考虑到肥料溶解度和土壤特性等因素.
阻碍作物吸收P的土壤条件可能会增加P流量,这种现象也反映在STP水平上.
有效的P管理策略应考虑肥料特性,景观背景和土壤条件,以尽量减少P流失.

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