人工智能和大数据在人口健康中提出的伦理问题:范围审查
Vincent Couture1, Marie-Christine Roy2, Emma Dez3
1Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Frontiers in sociology
|September 25, 2025
概括
人工智能系统 (AIS) 和大数据 (BD) 在人口健康方面提供了变革性的潜力. 然而,本次审查强调了关于它们对健康结果,决定因素和政策的影响的伦理问题,强调需要仔细考虑.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
背景情况:
- 人工智能系统 (AIS) 和大数据 (BD) 越来越多地融入医疗保健.
- 这些技术预计将对人口健康产生重大影响.
- 在医疗保健中,围绕AIS和BD的伦理考虑至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 对人口健康中AIS和BD相关的伦理问题进行范围审查.
- 在全球人口健康领域绘制这些技术的伦理格局.
主要方法:
- 进行了全面的范围审查.
- 分析包括243篇关于AIS和BD在人口健康方面的学术文章.
- 定性分析侧重于人口健康组成部分的伦理问题.
主要成果:
- 观察到AIS和BD在人口健康方面的出版物显著增加.
- 发现的潜在的伦理问题与健康结果,分布,健康决定因素和健康政策有关.
- AIS和BD可能会改变对健康决定因素的理解和结构.
结论:
- 在人口健康方面AIS和BD的积极结果仍然不确定,可能导致不平等的分布.
- 使用AIS和BD的政策和干预措施的伦理期望很大.
- 本综述提供了AIS和BD在人口健康中所带来的伦理挑战的全面概述.
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