2型糖尿病的新治疗药物:麻醉方面的考虑. 一个叙事审查
Oliwia Doroba1, Leszek Czupryniak2, Filippo Sanfilippo3,4
12nd Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Anaesthesiology intensive therapy
|September 25, 2025
概括
新型抗糖尿病药物,如GLP-1受体激动剂和SGLT2抑制剂,需要仔细的术后管理. 本综述总结了关键考虑因素,潜在的不良影响和专业建议,以确保安全的患者护理.
科学领域:
- 麻醉学 麻醉学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 在接受手术的患者中,越来越多地使用新型抗糖尿病药物 (GLP-1RA,双GIP/GLP-1RA,SGLT2抑制剂).
- GLP-1RAs可能会延迟胃排空,影响外科手术期间的风险;SGLT2抑制剂带有外科手术期间euglycemic ketoacidosis的风险.
- 胃超声波是评估这些患者吸入风险的潜在工具.
研究的目的:
- 对接受GLP-1受体激动剂 (GLP-1RAs) 和SGLT2抑制剂的患者进行外科手术期间的考虑.
- 让临床医生熟悉这些抗糖尿病药物类别的药理学特征和潜在不良影响.
- 为安全和有效的术后管理提出当前的专业建议.
主要方法:
- 对当前数据和专家意见的文献综述.
- 对GLP-1RAs和SGLT2抑制剂的药理学概况的分析.
- 综合多社会共识和专业组织建议.
主要成果:
- GLP-1RAs与延迟的胃空化有关,尽管数据是初步的.
- SGLT2 抑制剂可能会增加外科手术期间的优糖血糖酸性酸性疾病的风险.
- 胃超声波可以通过评估残留胃含量来帮助分层吸入风险.
结论:
- 治疗GLP-1RA和SGLT2抑制剂的患者的周术管理需要特别注意,因为它们的药理作用.
- 遵守目前基于专家意见的指导方针对于优化患者安全至关重要.
- 进一步的研究可能会澄清GLP-1RA诱导的胃空化延迟的相互矛盾数据.
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