自闭症个体的潜伏轨迹:一个系统的审查
Kamil R Hiralal1, Gwendolyn C Dieleman1, Britt R Kok1
1Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, The Netherlands.
Autism : the international journal of research and practice
|September 25, 2025
概括
自闭症的发展有很大的差异. 本综述确定了自闭症个体在核心特征和其他功能领域的不同发展轨迹,有助于个性化支持策略.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 生物医学和健康科学 生物医学和健康科学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特点是核心和并发特征的异质性.
- 对自闭症的纵向分类对于理解发展途径和个性化干预至关重要.
- 现有的研究已经探索了各种功能领域的轨迹,但需要一个全面的摘要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和总结有关自闭症核心特征和自闭症个体其他功能领域的潜在轨迹的文献.
- 识别与不同发育轨迹分配相关的预测因素.
- 为未来研究突出研究不足的结果领域.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Embase,Medline,PsycINFO,Cochrane Central,Web of Science,Google Scholar) 进行系统的文献搜索,直到2025年4月22日.
- 包括使用统计分类方法对自闭症核心特征或其他功能领域进行的纵向观察研究.
- 分析了30项符合条件的研究,调查了自闭症核心特征,适应性行为,行为问题,认知发展和养问题的轨迹.
主要成果:
- 在调查的领域中确定了不同的轨迹,数量和形状各不相同.
- 认知发展成为核心自闭症症状轨迹的重要预测因素,认知能力较低与更严重的症状途径相关.
- 对于其他潜在预测因素,发现了混合的结果,表明需要进一步调查.
结论:
- 自闭症患者在核心特征和其他功能领域表现出不同的发育模式.
- 认知发展在预测自闭症症状轨迹方面发挥着作用.
- 未来的研究应该涉及到研究不足的领域,如运动协调和睡眠问题,并探索轨迹偏差的原因.
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