在RECOVER成人队列中,SARS-CoV-2感染后的嗅觉功能障碍
Leora I Horwitz1,2, Jacqueline H Becker3, Weixing Huang4
1Department of Population Health, NYU (New York University) Grossman School of Medicine, New York.
JAMA network open
|September 25, 2025
概括
许多感染SARS-CoV-2的人经历了长期的嗅觉功能障碍,即使没有报告嗅觉丧失. 对于有COVID-19病史的人来说,建议进行正式的气味测试,以确定潜在的认知问题.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
背景情况:
- 嗅觉功能障碍是SARS-CoV-2感染的常见后果.
- 这种功能障碍与各种疾病中的认知障碍有关.
- 正式的嗅觉测试对于准确的诊断和表征至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在SARS-CoV-2感染后调查和描述长期的嗅觉功能障碍.
- 评估自我报告的气味变化与客观的嗅觉测试结果之间的相关性.
- 探索嗅觉功能障碍和感染后的认知问题之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,涉及RECOVER成人研究中的成年人.
- 使用宾夕法尼亚大学气味识别测试 (UPSIT) 进行了嗅觉测试.
- 参与者包括那些在SARS-CoV-2感染后有或没有自我报告的气味/味道变化的人.
主要成果:
- 很大一部分受感染的参与者,即使是那些没有自我报告的变化的人,也表现出低血 (减少气味).
- 在那些自我报告的嗅觉丧失患者中,79.8%患有低,23%患有严重的嗅觉障碍.
- 在报告认知问题的参与者中,异常的嗅觉测试结果更频繁.
结论:
- 自我报告的气味或味道变化表明缺血症,但并不涵盖所有病例.
- 在SARS-CoV-2感染后的个体中,存在大量未诊断的低血率.
- 对于有SARS-CoV-2感染史的患者,建议进行正式的嗅觉评估,以确定隐性低和相关风险.
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