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新生儿语音噪音神经编码:一个频率追踪响应研究
Alejandro Mondéjar-Segovia1,2, Natàlia Gorina-Careta1,2,3, Sonia Arenillas-Alcón1,2,3
1Brainlab-Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group. Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|September 25, 2025
概括
背景噪音会损害新生儿和成人的语音处理. 新生儿表现出类似的语音干扰,与成年人不同,突出了早期的听觉发育挑战.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音处理 语音处理
背景情况:
- 背景噪音显著影响语音感知和神经编码.
- 这种挑战在脆弱人群中尤为明显,包括婴儿和老年人.
- 早期的语音噪音处理对于新生儿的语言学习至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究背景噪音对新生儿神经语音声音编码的影响.
- 为了比较新生儿和成年人之间在噪音中语言的神经处理.
- 了解在具有挑战性的声环境中听觉处理的发展轨迹.
主要方法:
- 记录了频率跟踪响应 (FFR) 到一个 /da/ 音节.
- 在安静和背景噪声条件下测量神经反应.
- 在25名健康期新生儿和21名听力正常的成年人中比较了FFR.
主要成果:
- 成年人表现出明显更高的神经反应比新生儿.
- 两组都显示噪声的光谱幅度降低.
- 成年人在辅音转换期间在基本频率中出现更大的干扰,而新生儿在语音段中表现出一致的干扰.
结论:
- 与成年人相比,新生儿的听觉系统显示出不同的噪音干扰模式,可能是由于不成熟.
- 新生儿未成熟的听觉处理可能受到有限的子宫内暴露于复杂的声音特征的影响.
- 这项研究为从出生开始的语音噪音处理的发育方面提供了基础的见解.
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