预测阿尔巴特罗斯的捕捞活动需要考虑到相互作用中的个体变异性
Ewen Le Scornec1, Marianna Chimienti2,3, Alexandre Corbeau4
1Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360, Villiers-en-Bois, France. ewen.lescorn@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|September 25, 2025
概括
这项研究结合了自动识别系统 (AIS) 数据和雷达探测器来追踪与流浪鱼互动的渔船. 虽然对训练有素的鸟类来说是准确的,但仅仅从鸟类的运动来预测捕鱼活动需要考虑个体变化的情况.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物追踪技术的技术.
背景情况:
- 渔业带来了重大的生态威胁,特别是通过海鸟的副捕获.
- 监测渔船的存在至关重要,但具有挑战性,因为并非所有船只都使用自动识别系统 (AIS).
- 鸟类绑定的雷达探测器提供了一个补充的解决方案,但在技术上是最新的和昂贵的.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种方法,使用AIS和雷达探测器数据的组合来识别流浪阿尔巴特罗斯和渔船之间的相互作用.
- 训练分类算法以根据海鸟移动模式预测渔船的存在.
- 评估使用海鸟移动作为渔业活动的代理的准确性和局限性.
主要方法:
- 在三年内利用了196条来自法国南部领土的流浪阿尔巴特罗斯的GPS轨迹.
- 结合GPS跟踪与鸟类绑定的雷达探测器和自动识别系统 (AIS) 数据来识别渔船的存在.
- 采用随机森林分类算法来分析移动变量 (区域居住,曲,速度) 并区分与渔船相对的鸟类行为.
主要成果:
- 该分类模型在预测包括在训练数据集中的单个鸟类时实现了高精度 (约85%).
- 预测能力显著下降 (准确率约为72%),对于未包括在培训数据集中的个人而言,特异性显著下降.
- 鸟类行为中的个体变化显著影响了模型的预测准确性.
结论:
- 将AIS和雷达探测器数据结合起来,可以加强对渔业和海鸟相互作用的监测.
- 仅仅从鸟类的移动来准确预测捕鱼活动是具有挑战性的,因为有很大的个体行为差异.
- 未来的研究必须优先记录和计算个体变异,以有效地使用海鸟作为对渔业影响的生态哨兵.
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