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在COVID-19疫苗接种和不良结果的变化:格鲁吉亚州的案例研究
Akane B Fujimoto1,2, Pinar Keskinocak3,4, Dima Nazzal1,2
1H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 755 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
BMC public health
|September 26, 2025
概括
COVID-19结果的差异仍然存在,非西班牙裔 (NH) 黑人成年人面临的死亡和住院风险高于NH白人成年人,即使接种了疫苗. 针对性公共卫生干预对于服务不足的社区,特别是NH黑人来说至关重要,以提高疫苗接种率和获得护理的机会.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 在美国,在COVID-19疫苗覆盖率,死亡和住院治疗方面存在显著的种族和种族差异.
- 在较小的地理范围内评估这些模式,比如在格鲁吉亚,为局部的健康不平等提供了关键的见解.
- 了解这些趋势需要考虑不同种族和种族群体接种疫苗的差异.
研究的目的:
- 量化成年人COVID-19疫苗接种,死亡和住院结果在格鲁吉亚的种族/民族群体.
- 根据县城农村分类和疫苗接种状况分析这些结果.
- 为了确定特定的人口和地理区域不成比例地受到COVID-19的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究分析了乔治亚州公共卫生部到2023年2月的数据.
- 包括成年人COVID-19疫苗接种数据 (初级系列,增强剂),COVID-19死亡和住院.
- 对西班牙裔,非西班牙裔 (NH) 亚洲裔,NH黑人和NH白人成年人的率和率比 (RRs) 的计算,按城乡分类和疫苗接种状况分层.
主要成果:
- 与非西班牙裔 (NH) 黑人成年人相比,非西班牙裔 (NH) 黑人成年人患COVID-19住院的风险高于NH白人成年人 (RR 1.77),无论疫苗接种情况如何.
- 与NH白人成年人相比,NH黑人成年人也面临着更高的COVID-19死亡风险 (RR 1.37).
- 在NH黑人成年人中,这种增加的死亡风险在接受强剂的人群中没有观察到 (RR 0.96).
结论:
- 与其他种族/族裔群体相比,NH黑人成年人经历了不成比例地更高的COVID-19不良结果,包括死亡和住院,即使接种了疫苗.
- 按种族/种族,县城农村分类和疫苗接种状态分层结果,可以更好地理解针对针对性干预的人口和地理特异性模式.
- 公共卫生战略必须优先考虑改善最新的疫苗接种覆盖率,并为服务不足的社区,特别是NH黑人群体拆除接种障碍.
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