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风向和煤炭码头活动模式与空气污染负担之间的关系,在一个与煤炭出口码头接壤的社区,美国马里兰州柯蒂斯湾,美国
Lauren N Deanes1,2, Bonita D Salmerón1,2, Matthew A Aubourg1,2
1Community Science and Innovation for Environmental Justice (CSI EJ) Initiative, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Air quality, atmosphere, & health
|September 26, 2025
概括
空气污染,包括颗粒物 (PM) 和黑碳 (BC),在柯蒂斯湾增加,当居民在煤炭码头的下风和在明显的推土机活动期间. 这两个因素的结合导致了最高的污染水平.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 空气质量监测 空气质量监测
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 柯蒂斯湾的居民表示担心与露天煤炭码头有关的黑尘.
- 以前对煤炭码头运营与当地空气污染之间的关系的理解是有限的.
- 颗粒物 (PM) 和黑碳 (BC) 是令人担忧的关键空气污染物.
研究的目的:
- 调查空气质量的变化,包括风向和煤炭码头活动.
- 量化煤炭堆上的推土机操作对当地空气污染的影响.
主要方法:
- 部署了十个节点的空气监测网络来测量PM (PM1,PM2.5,PM10,TSP) 和黑碳 (BC).
- 通过摄像头收集1分钟的风向和可见煤炭终端推土机活动的同时数据.
- 利用条件固定效应回归模型来分析空气污染物和环境因素之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 在终端下风时,颗粒物 (PM) 度显著更高 (0.665.3 μg/m3).
- 在风向下时,黑碳 (BC) 含量增加了0.11μg/m3.
- 在可见的推土机活动期间,PM和BC度均升高,在风向下时相互作用显示放大效应.
结论:
- 煤炭终端活动,特别是推土机运营,大大导致柯蒂斯湾PM和BC空气污染的增加.
- 风向起着至关重要的作用,当航站楼向下风时,污染水平会更高.
- 缓解策略是必要的,以减少空气污染负担从社区的煤炭终端运营.
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