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强烈但扩散的遗传分歧是海洋鱼初始物种差异化的基础

Alexandra Sumarli¹, Colby Behrens², Gina Lucas¹

¹Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

|September 26, 2025

概括

两种海洋鱼生态型",白"和"普通",显示早期的物种化,具有全基因组的分歧,而不是局部差异. 这表明,广泛的基因组变化,而不仅仅是特定区域,推动了最初的物种界限形成.

科学领域:

进化生物学进化生物学
人口遗传学人口遗传学
规范研究研究规范研究

背景情况:

在进化生物学中,了解物种化连续和物种界限维护至关重要.
早期的物种化提供了对初始繁殖障碍的洞察力,这些障碍是启动新物种的.
相似种群为研究持续的分歧和生殖隔离提供了独特的机会.

研究的目的:

为了研究两种同情的海洋鱼生态型之间的基因组分歧:"白色"和"普通".
确定基因组分化的性质和早期阶段物种化中的生殖障碍.
探索单核酸多态 (SNP) 和复制数变异 (CNV) 在分歧中的作用.

主要方法:

使用SNP和CNV (删除和重复) 的种群基因组分析.
在生态型之间对基因组分化 (F_ST) 的比较分析.
人口模型用于评估基因流动.
在差异化的区域内识别基因,特别是CNVs.

主要成果:

白人和普通人形成不同的种群,在白色生态型中有初始物种化的证据.
观察到极低的全基因组差异化 (F_ST) 和最近的分歧 (~1 kya).
高分化发生在许多小的,分散的基因组区域,而不仅仅是在反转或性别染色体.
在染色体VII和XVI上发现了CNV重叠的嗅觉基因,可能与生殖策略的差异有关.

结论:

由SNP和CNV证实的全基因组差异可能是早期物种化阶段的基础.
尽管基因流量低和一些杂交,但仍然保持着繁殖隔离.
分散的基因组分化,包括嗅觉基因中的CNV,可能有助于在早期物种化过程中保持物种界限.

关键词:

副本编号变化变化生殖隔离生殖隔离基因流是指基因的流动.开始的物种是初始物种.坚持背部的坚持背部的坚持

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