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类似阿尔茨海默病的大脑模式生物标志物:捕捉风险和预测疾病发病

Peter Kochunov¹, Si Gao¹, Lauren Salminen²

¹The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.

Research square

|September 26, 2025

概括

一个新的区域脆弱性指数 (RVI-AD) 测量了大脑与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 模式的相似性. 这种生物标志物可以检测来自遗传和心血管因素的早期阿尔茨海默病风险,预测高风险个体的痴呆转化.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
生物标志物生物标志物
神经成像是一种神经成像.

背景情况:

早期发现阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 对于及时干预至关重要.
现有的生物标志物往往对微妙的,早期的病理变化缺乏敏感性.
识别患有阿尔茨海默病进展高风险的个体是一个重大的临床挑战.

研究的目的:

开发和验证一个新的生物标志物,区域脆弱性指数 (RVI-AD),用于早期发现阿尔茨海默病.
评估RVI-AD与已知的AD风险因素的关联,包括APOE-e4基因型和心血管健康.
评估RVI-AD对认知衰退和转化为痴呆症的预测能力.

主要方法:

计算了区域效应大小,以确定在粉样蛋白阳性病例与对照病例中的AD脑缺陷模式.
开发了RVI-AD作为个体大脑与这些AD模式相似性的线性指数.
在三个队列中验证了RVI-AD:阿米什连接组项目 (N=335),英国生物库 (N=26,010) 和ADNI (N=1,932),评估遗传 (APOE-e4) 和心血管 (FCVRS) 风险.

主要成果:

在所有队列中,具有APOE-e4等位基因的个体中,RVI-AD显著升高 (p<0.05).
弗雷明汉心血管风险评分 (FCVRS) 以APOE-e4特定的方式 (p<0.01) 导致更高的RVI-AD.
在ADNI队列中,RVI-AD预测10年内从轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 转化为痴呆症 (AUC=74%),特别是在前3年内.

结论:

在健康的老年人中,RVI-AD有效地检测到APOE-e4的影响和心血管风险.
升高的RVI-AD预测未来的痴呆症转化,特别是在高风险人群中.
作为早期阿尔茨海默病风险评估的非侵入性,临床上可访问的生物标志物,RVI-AD显示出希望.

关键词:

阿尔茨海默氏症是阿尔茨海默氏症的一种疾病.大数据就是大数据.RVI RVI 在线观看氨基化物氨基化物脑血管疾病脑血管疾病神经成像是一种神经成像.

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