运动治疗对ERAS大手术预康复的影响:系统性审查
Anna Antonia Valenzano1, Paride Vasco2, Gabriella D'Orsi1
1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 26, 2025
概括
作为手术后增强恢复 (ERAS) 协议的一部分,结构化的运动显著减少了并发症和住院时间. 这种预康复方法通过增强身体健康和心理健康来改善患者的康复.
科学领域:
- 手术恢复协议手术恢复协议
- 预康复战略 预康复策略
- 基于证据的医学是基于证据的医学.
背景情况:
- 手术后增强恢复 (ERAS) 协议旨在最大限度地减少手术压力并优化患者的康复.
- 预康复,包括体力活动,是ERAS的关键组成部分,为重大手术做好准备.
- 结构化实践在ERAS中的作用需要进行系统的评估.
研究的目的:
- 在ERAS协议中系统地审查结构化炼干预措施的影响.
- 评估运动对术后并发症,住院时间和整体康复的影响.
- 提供支持将运动纳入外科康复途径的证据.
主要方法:
- 在主要的科学数据库 (PubMed,ScienceDirect,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Wiley) 中,按照PRISMA指南进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括截至2025年1月发布的随机对照试验,队列研究和元分析.
- 分析的重点是报告的术后并发症,住院时间 (LOS) 和功能恢复指标.
主要成果:
- 64项研究证实,结构化的运动 (有氧运动,抵抗,灵活性) 与手术后并发症的减少有关.
- 运动干预导致更短的住院时间 (LOS) 和增强功能恢复.
- 持续观察到心肺健康,肌肉强度和心理健康的改善.
结论:
- 证据强烈支持结构化炼作为ERAS预康复的基石.
- 将运动整合到ERAS协议中对于优化手术结果至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该标准化协议,并探索针对不同患者群体的个性化炼策略.
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