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营养不良和相关营养不足对老年人死亡率的影响

Elifnur Aydın¹, Müberra Tanrıverdi², Ozge Pasin³

¹Bezmialem Vakıf University, Faculty of Medicine, Turkey.

Clinical nutrition ESPEN

|September 26, 2025

概括

营养不良和营养不足显著增加了老年人的死亡风险. 解决营养状况,包括减肥和食欲,对于改善老年护理结果至关重要.

科学领域:

老年医学老年医学
营养科学营养科学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

营养状况是老年人健康结果的关键决定因素.
各种营养指标可能会影响死亡率,但它们的独立影响需要澄清.

研究的目的:

调查老年门诊患者多种营养指标与死亡率之间的关联.
确定预测老年人群死亡率的关键营养因素.

主要方法:

对1911名老年门诊患者的回顾性队列研究 (平均年龄为81.0岁,女性为70.8%).
评估营养状况 (MNA),消化不良 (EAT-10),食欲丧失 (CNAQ) 和维生素缺乏 (B12,叶酸,D).
分析了平均随访71.61个月的死亡率数据,并对年龄,性别和多病症进行了调整.

主要成果:

营养不良 (HR: 4.40),营养不良 (HR: 2.86),体重减轻≥3公斤 (HR: 2.45),营养不良风险 (HR: 2.13),消化不良 (HR: 1.71),食欲丧失 (HR: 1.62) 和维生素D缺乏 (HR: 1.62) 与增加的死亡率有关.
在完全调整后,只有营养不良仍然具有统计学意义 (HR:2.10).

结论:

营养不良,营养不足,显著的体重减轻,消化不良,食欲丧失和维生素D缺乏是老年人死亡风险的关键指标.
这些因素值得在临床上考虑,以便在老年患者中进行主动治疗.
在这个队列中,维生素B12和叶酸缺乏与死亡率没有显著的关联.

关键词:

衰老的衰老衰老的衰老失去了食欲失去了食欲消化不良症消化不良症老年病的医生老年病的医生营养不良营养不良营养不良微量营养素缺乏症微量营养素缺乏死亡率死亡率死亡率多种疾病多重症.营养状态营养状况减肥的方法减肥的方法减肥的方法

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