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慢性病管理中的差异基于基于人口观测研究中的鉴定和诊断
Michael Olszewski1,2, Karl Bjurström3, Markus Lingman3,4,5
1Department of Research and Development, Region Halland, Halmstad, Sweden.
Journal of nephrology
|September 27, 2025
概括
大多数慢性病 (CKD) 患者仍然未被诊断,导致不理想的护理. 被诊断为CKD的患者得到了更好的管理,突出了改进CKD识别策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 影响了成年人口的很大一部分,往往进展不被发现.
- 晚期诊断CKD会导致延迟干预和更差的健康结果.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较诊断,代理诊断和未诊断的CKD患者的患病率,临床管理,医疗保健利用率和死亡率.
- 根据CKD诊断状况识别护理和结果的差异.
主要方法:
- 使用哈兰德地区的医疗保健数据进行的回顾性观察性研究,用于2019年满足KDIGO CKD标准的成年人.
- 患者被分为被诊断的,代理诊断的 (CKD相关的诊断) 和未被诊断的 (满足没有ICD诊断的标准) 组.
主要成果:
- 在20488名CKD患者中,61%未被诊断,21%被诊断,18%被代理诊断.
- 与其他组相比,被诊断患有CKD的患者的血压随访率 (88%),EGFR测试 (73%),UACR测试 (50%) 和RAS抑制剂处方 (51%) 较高.
- 在被诊断的CKD患者和未被诊断的患者中观察到更高的调整住院风险 (2.71) 和全因死亡风险比率 (2.22).
结论:
- 慢性瘤诊断与更复杂的并发症,晚期疾病和频繁住院有关,导致更好的后续护理.
- 代理诊断的CKD普遍存在,并且与低于最佳的管理有关,这强调了需要准确识别CKD的必要性.
- 持续而精确的CKD识别对于改善患者的治疗结果和优化医疗保健服务至关重要.
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