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Assiya Mirzakulova1, Tolkyn Sarsembaeva1, Zhulduz Suleimenova2

  • 1Educational Program Group, Transport Engineering, Technology, Standardization, Certification, and Metrology, Institute of Engineering and Food Technologies, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Zhenis Ave. 62, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 27, 2025
PubMed
概括

乳清是一种乳制品副产品,正在被重新利用成为有价值的功能性饮料. 本综述探讨了乳清加工,成分以及这些创新饮料对健康的益处,支持循环经济.

相关概念视频

Mechanical Protein Function01:58

Mechanical Protein Function

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Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where the highly acidic environment can easily disrupt protein structure by exposing the peptide bonds of polypeptide chains. After polypeptide chains are broken into individual amino acids by a series of digestive enzymes, the amino acids are transported to the liver via the bloodstream to produce energy.
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Mechanical Protein Functions01:58

Mechanical Protein Functions

Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force. 
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Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Overview of Protein Metabolism01:21

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Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
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